A legislação e sua aplicação sobre poços de monitoramento de água subterrânea em postos de serviços e abastecimento no contexto do Município de Boa Vista-RR

Abstract

This study analyzes the regulatory framework related to the implementation of groundwater monitoring wells at fuel service and supply stations in the municipality of Boa Vista, State of Roraima, within the context of environmental licensing and the protection of groundwater resources. It is based on the understanding that environmental monitoring constitutes a relevant instrument for preventing contamination associated with the storage and commercialization of petroleum derivatives. The research was conducted using an exploratory and qualitative approach, grounded in documentary and bibliographic analysis of federal, state, and district environmental legislation, as well as technical standards and institutional documents. Legal instruments that structure the environmental licensing of fuel stations and groundwater quality control were examined, with emphasis on CONAMA Resolutions No. 237/1997, No. 273/2000, and No. 396/2008, Ministry of Health Ordinance GM/MS No. 888/2021, in addition to state and district regulations applicable to the sector. Technical documents from management agencies such as the National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency (ANA) and the Roraima State Foundation for the Environment and Water Resources (FEMARH) were also analyzed. The analysis highlighted the relevance of monitoring wells as tools for environmental control and groundwater quality assessment. A comparison with regulatory experiences from other Brazilian states showed that the organization of monitoring wells into networks compatible with groundwater flow is a consolidated practice in the country, associated with the early detection of contamination by volatile organic compounds, such as aromatic hydrocarbons of the BTEX group, and with the protection of public health. As an outcome of the research, a draft municipal bill was prepared to establish technical and institutional criteria for the mandatory installation of monitoring wells at fuel stations in the municipality of Boa Vista, contributing to the strengthening of environmental governance and the integrated management of groundwater resources.