Bacias de detenção como alternativa de drenagem sustentável para o controle de escoamento superficial e criação de áreas verdes e de lazer

Abstract

The growing urbanization in the western area of Boa Vista, Roraima, has intensified flooding problems, largely due to soil impermeability and the lack of effective drainage infrastructure. This study explores the feasibility of implementing detention basins as a sustainable strategy to mitigate surface runoff and develop green and recreational spaces in the Monte Caburaí subdivision. This work aims to evaluate the technical feasibility and socio-environmental benefits of installing these basins in the Monte Caburaí subdivision, proposing guidelines for their incorporation into the urban planning of Boa Vista. To this end, a detailed analysis of the study area was carried out, considering topographic, geotechnical and hydrological aspects. Established methods for sizing the basins, such as the Rational Method and the PDDU Method of Curitiba, PR, were applied, considering the frequency and intensity of rainfall in the region. The results demonstrated that the detention basins designed in Monte Caburaí are technically feasible and effective for flood management. In particular, the basins in Caburaí I, which includes a plaza with a jogging track and an open-air reservoir, and in Caburaí II, which has a multi-sports court, were harmoniously integrated into the urban fabric. In addition to playing a role in preventing flooding, these structures offer relevant socio-environmental benefits, such as creating recreational areas and improving the quality of life of residents. The associated green areas contribute to the reduction of urban heat islands, promote biodiversity and improve air quality. The final considerations of the study recommend that the integration of these detention basins into the sustainable urban planning of Boa Vista follow guidelines that ensure the protection of pedestrians and compliance with environmental standards. Furthermore, strict control of the contribution of sediment and waste is recommended, as well as the appropriate selection of locations where the soil supports the presence of water without risk of contamination. For future studies, it is suggested to further investigate the long-term ocioenvironmental impacts of these basins and to conduct a comparative analysis of costs and technical performance in different cities in the Amazon.