Sazonalidade e presença de glifosato no igarapé Carrapato, Boa Vista/RR

Abstract

The Carrapato creek is located in Boa Vista, RR, draining an area of approximately 95 km², being a left bank tributary of the Cauamé River, which then flows into the right bank of the Branco River, the main river in the State. Roraima has a high agricultural potential, with a record in the production of soy and corn in 2020. Large productions are accompanied by an increasing input of pesticides. Glyphosate is the most used pesticide in the world, in Brazil and, consequently, in Roraima. This herbicide is used in the preparation of the land before planting, during the growth of the plantation, to contain weeds, and as a desiccant. It is a toxic product for humans and the environment, being a contaminant of water bodies, with complex laboratory detection. The objective of this work was to prospect glyphosate at two seasonal scales in four points of the Carrapato creek, comparing the light of current Brazilian legislation, in addition to identifying the main agricultural productions installed in the region of the creek, characterize the consumption of glyphosate in Roraima and present educational material on the disposal of pesticide packaging. The first collection was carried out in may 2021, at the time of the highest rainfall, and the second in october 2021, at the time of least rainfall, with two samples being collected per point, in each campaign. Ion chromatography was used to detect glyphosate. To identify agricultural crops, documents provided by State agencies and visits to the creek region. For the consumption of glyphosate in Roraima, data from IBAMA was used. Current legislation and the CorelDraw program were used to create the educational folder on the disposal of used pesticide packaging. As a result, all samples from the first campaign, may 2021, had lower results than the LQ < 0.050 mg/L. The samples from october 2021, from point 1 - source region and point 4 - mouth with the Cauamé River, also presented results below the LQ, on the other hand, the presence of glyphosate was confirmed in the point samples 2 - agricultural region 10.1 mg/L/ 8.15 mg/L and point 3 - urban/agricultural region 1.852 mg/L/ 2.468 mg/L, with results up to 155 times higher than allowed by Brazilian legislation. The agricultural crops identified around the Carrapato creek are corn, beans, rice, soy, cassava, pumpkin, lemon, vegetables, grass and fruit crops. Glyphosate is the most consumed pesticide in Roraima with 291 tons used in 2020. Was delivered, as the final product of this professional master's degree, a folder with instructions on disposal of pesticide packaging, containing language and slang from the State of Roraima.