Deterioração socioambiental a partir da construção da BR 210 : o caso da Terra Indígena Yanomami, Roraima-Brasil

Abstract

The culture of the Amazonian peoples is threatened by the advance of anthropic activities, which include deforestation for roads, the predatory opening of trees, and mining activities, with a strong polluting potential. In addition to the ecological consequences of cutting down the native forest, social consequences, considering that indigenous communities take away their food, their rituals to practice their rituals and their traditional medicine. Historically, the implementation of the BR-210 Highway, the Perimetral Norte, on the initiative of the military governments in the 1970s, caused serious damage to local ecosystems, and resulted in the illness and death of a high percentage of Yanomami indigenous people. The time, the time, the indigenous cultural heritage of human lives, in addition to the effects of the invasion of people and machines in their territory. Given the above, this work investigates the sociocultural impacts and the main consequences on the culture and health of the Yanomami people, caused by the construction of the Perimetral Norte highway, from the perspective of the Yanomami themselves. This is an exploratory research, with an exploratory qualitative-quantitative approach, field data research was obtained from research carried out with Yanomami Indians Associação Yanomami. The study describes how changes and natural changes in the natural environment of the Amazon, in view of the construction of the BR-210, which includes changes in the natural environment, losses of or its evasion, occurrence and poisoning of water bodies, impacts on the processes of natural changes, with consequent poverty, alcoholism and prostitution; and the fading of ancestral healing practices, in addition to the absence of social control mechanisms. The investigation had Phenomenology as a methodological approach, and its findings point to the damage caused to Yanomami communities, which affected their health behaviors. However, it is not stated that indigenous people do not present, for example, initiatives and reaction strategies in favor of maintaining their heritage of medicinal knowledge, which allow them to maintain part of their cultural capital, and their collective and group identity.