Caracterização química e atividades biológicas do óleo vegetal da semente da espécie Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC

Abstract

The murici-rasteiro belongs to the genus Byrsonima, the Malpighiaceae family. The Byrsonima gender has on their physical constituents (leaves, stems and fruits) antioxidants and anti-inflammatory, and is still used in folk medicine for asthmatics purposes, fever and skin infections. The studied specie (Byrsonima. verbascifolia (L.) DC.) is not very known and consumed, found in the regions of savannas in the state of Roraima. This research presents the chemical and biological studies of vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of murici-rasteiro. The seeds had a yield of 6.91%. The analysis by GC-FID technique of oil extracted from seeds of murici-rasteiro showed 73.71% unsaturated fatty acids in it is composition, which in it, linolenic acids are present (0.35%), linoleic (37.49%), oleic acid (32.84%) and palmitoleic (2.63%). The physicochemical characterization of vegetable oil murici-rasteiro, performed by NMR ¹H technique presented iodine index of (90.49 mg I2/100g), acid index of (0.44 mg KOH/g), saponification index of (199.34 mg KOH/g), average molecular weight of (681.97 g.mol-1), ratio of hydrogens olefinic/aliphatic (1.38), unsaturated fatty acid content (71.88%). It has showed inhibition against growth of grampositive and gram-negative bacteria. It has also showed moderate inhibition in oil seeds on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The toxicity test using Artemia salina microcrustacean indicates that the vegetable oil of the seeds of murici-rasteiro presented CL50=34.36 μg.mL-1, resulting from the presence of bioactive substances. The results of this research contributes with some new information to the scientific databases of murici-rasteiro (Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC.) which is considered an alternative source of unsaturated fatty acids, with oxidative stability and partially promising bioassays.