Economia de aglomeração: um estudo sobre os setores comerciais e subcentros em Boa Vista (RR)

Abstract

The forms of spatial organization of the city are linked to its mode of production and reproduction of society, in this context, there is the agglomeration of businesses and services, directly related to the economic benefits that structure the city, associating the concentration of economic activities to the soil value and the flow of people. In this continuous dynamic of urban structuring, centralizations and decentralizations occur, a process responsible for the formation of areas highlighted as center, sub-center, commercial axes and specialized areas, leading to the structuring of the urban space. This study aims to analyze the spatialization of commercial activities and their implications in the organization of the urban space of Boa Vista, Roraima, from the identification, characterization and cartographic representation of the main clusters in sub-centers and commercial axes of the city of Boa Vista, Roraima . To this end, the methodology was based on a descriptive and exploratory analysis, supported by bibliographic research, documentary research with the organization of a database and geocoding of addresses at georeferenced points, analysis of quantitative data, classification of activities in segments and the treatment of spatial data with thematic maps, in addition to field research with geospatial survey, data analysis and observation of the local reality. For this, a theoretical rescue of the relations between Urban Economic Geography was carried out, which involves the structuring of the city, from the location and behavior of the undertakings. In Boa Vista, an average Amazonian city, there is a need to analyze the specificity of the process of redefining centrality, that is, its unfolding, dimensions, characteristics and location, as the tertiary sector of goods and services consequently has a role fundamental in the social and economic function of the city. As a result, the research brought a theoretical breakthrough in the themes of Geography, urban space and concentration of economic activities; historical contextualization of the evolution of the urban space of Boa Vista and its economic panorama; analysis of the state of the art of scientific research with the themes of commercial sub-centers; creation of a database of economic segments and their spatial distribution in Boa Vista; contextualization of the central area; identification of fourteen significant polarizations such as sub-centers and commercial axes organized by administrative zones; field and geospatial surveys and comparing hierarchical levels between commercial areas. In conclusion, the new centralities appear and develop according to the possibilities presented by the city, according to the growth of the urban and population fabric, investments by agents, such as the entrepreneur and public policies that shape the space and materialize.