Sateré-Mawé : territorialidades na Comunidade Indígena Ponta Alegre no Município de Barreirinha-Amazonas

Abstract

The research is aimed at the Sateré-Mawé people located at TI Andirá-Marau in Ponta Alegre, municipality of Barreirinha-Amazonas, an area of territorial dispute during the demarcation process started in the 1970s. The Sateré-Mawé are social agents in the organization and in the use of its territory, in the appropriation, conflicts and occupation of areas for the construction of houses or "sites"; in areas intended for hunting, fishing; extraction of wood, oils, vines, herbs, fruits, plants, as well as the removal of the tucandeiras, in areas of collective, family and institutional use, exemplify territorialization and consequently territoriality. The research entitled “Sateré-Mawé: Territorialities in the Ponta Alegre indigenous community in the municipality of Barreirinha-Amazonas”. It aims to analyze the Sateré-Mawé territorialities in Ponta Alegre. For this, it was essential to understand the Sateré-Mawé territorialization process of the community; map the territorial organization of the urban core of the community with the division of geographic space by residents; identify and analyze the activities developed by the Sateré-Mawé in their territory through the socionatural calendar (time) of the Intercultural Inductive Method and ethnomapping (space) in the community; analyze the light of the theoretical framework, the social and political relations of social agents and the elements that indicate territorial changes. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used, of an applied nature, with descriptive objectives, with bibliographic research procedures, field research, geohistoric and documentary, with the use of techniques such as semi-structured interviews, direct and continuous observation, recording photographic, video-audio recording and workshops. For that, we have as a theoretical reference the approaches on the concepts of geographical space, territory and territoriality. Like Claude Raffestin, Marcos Aurélio Saguet, Rui Moreira, Marcos Lopes de Souza, Milton Santos and mainly Rogerio Haesbaert. Another point of great relevance addressed in the research was the Intercultural Inductive Method proposed by Jorge Gasché, through the Socionatural Calendar and its respective indicators. With the research it was possible to understand that the Sateré Mawé territoriality is attributed to the use of the territory through the activities of hunting, fishing, plowing, cultivation, animal breeding, medicinal plants, collection activity, extractive activity in area of family use, that passed on of generation or collective, that destined for the common use of all, where the Socionatural Calendar Sateré Mawé of Ponta Alegre provided the identification and analysis of the relationship of integrity between the Sateré Mawé and nature, where the indicators climate, plant, animals, activity, socio-environmental problems and astronomy over the course of a year allowed us to carry out such an analysis. In addition, ethnomapping with the spatial location of the activities of the residents of Ponta Alegre was fundamental, where he verified the execution of these activities in three locations, Arauá, Sapucaia Mirim and Diamantino. With the research we intend to provide public policies for territorial management to the Sateré-Mawé people. In addition to a significant contribution to Geography through the Federal University of Roraima, thus contributing to the understanding of the geographical space.