Ocupação urbana e usos do solo em um trecho do Baixo Rio Cauamé na Zona Leste de Boa Vista, RR

Abstract

The production of urban space of Boa Vista, RR is the result of a complex of conditioning. Frequently, the process of occupation and growth of urban centers occur from an empirical planning, meeting the interests of small social classes, and disjointed from other elements that make up the landscape. Urban rivers, in a context of disordered urban expansion, have been the most affected natural spaces, evidencing the need for actions aimed at integrating urban and environmental management in a sustainable way. Boa Vista’s city, for example, in the last 30 years has been presenting in its history of land use and occupation, degradation of water resources, suppression of riparian forests and canalization of rivers. The general objective of the research was to present an analysis of the evolution of land use and occupation between 1989 and 2019 and to characterize the possible environmental impacts on a stretch of the Lower Cauamé River, east of Boa Vista, RR. The methodology used to understand such changes was based on the preparation of maps of land use and occupation with Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images, using the ArcGis software. In loco, the main impacts were identified, taking into account the APP of the study area, with limits established by the Forest Code, enabling the spatialization of these impacts. A quali-quantitative Impact matrix was generated and some mitigating were measures proposed. Impacts was generated and some mitigating measures were proposed. The results showed that the savanna class park was the vegetation class that gave most areas for urbanization, however the savanna is still predominant in the study area with 36.23%, corresponding to 1.96 Km². According to the aspects observed in the field, the main environmental impacts found were plant suppression, solid waste deposition, erosive processes, irregular edification, noise pollution and bonfire debris. Management measures that mitigate environmental impacts should be introduced in the study area, so that the urban growth process happens with the least possible environmental impact in the hydrographic basin of the lower Cauamé River.