Marcos evolutivos e conceituais sobre a internacionalização de empresas no Brasil: uma análise da década de ouro (1999-2009)

Abstract

Internationalization can be defined broadly and comprehensively as a growing and continuous process involving operations of a particular company with other countries. Refers to the economic, political and cultural exchanges between nations and the resulting relations of these exchanges, which can be peaceful or conflictual, complementarity or competition. How these companies trace their strategies and actions to win new markets outside their home markets is crucial. Worldwide, the starting point of internationalization of companies was due to the sea voyages of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and the formation of colonial empires, such as Spain and France. In Brazil, the experience with the internationalization of companies is recent and has intensified since 1990, reaching its peak in the decade 1999 - 2009. This research aims to make a macro analysis of the internationalization process of Brazilian companies, to inside out, with reference to a theoretical vision, historical and conjunctural analysis in order to show the different strategies using the 1999-2009 decade as time frame. To understand the problem, the research was outlined in five specific goals: first, tracing an overview of internationalization starting from a macro analysis for a micro analysis of this phenomenon, the second presenting and discussing the main theoretical aspects involving the strategies and motivations internationalization, the third evaluating how the theories, economic and administrative, allow us to interpret and explain the phenomenon of internationalization, the fourth identifies and describes the economic cycles that drove the internationalization of companies both in the world and in Brazil, and the last dedicated -If identify and describe within a historical and economic context periodization and the spatial distribution of the company's internationalization process in Brazil and which represented the golden decade (1999-2009) for the internationalization of Brazilian companies. Given the research objectives, the methodology used in this study is qualitative and quantitative, with explanatory character, based on a deductive logic, starting from abstract premises to empirical discussions. Finally, the survey highlights the reasons why companies seek foreign markets and by the decade 1999 - 2009 was treated as the Golden Decade of internationalization.