Perfil químico, atividade antioxidante e atividade biológica do óleo das sementes de Annona glabra L. (Annonaceae)

Abstract

The Annona glabra, known in Brazil as Annona glabra or Araticum-Bravo is a small tree found throughout Brazil, especially in coastal areas. In folk medicine, it has been mainly used as anthelmintic and antirreumática. Different methods have been used to research biological activities of plants used in folk medicine. This study aims to evaluate the chemical profile and biological activity of Annona glabra oil seed. Before this was done soxhelet extraction with hexane, a yield of 33.82%. The analysis by GC-FID, noted the presence of 13 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The (AGI) majority were 28.94% oleic and linoleic 14.45%, the (AGS) Lauric majority were 21.49% and 12.49% Palmitic. In the antibacterial activity test the oil of A. glabra L. seed showed a variation MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for Gram-positive S. aureus (57.97% - 75.98%) and B. cereus (58.15 % - 76.13%) and Gram negative freudii C (53.70%) and S. typhimurium (52.33%). The seed oil of A. glabra L. showed 94.78% inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in the test, this value is considered strong. In the test on Artemia salina showed LD50 716.54 μg.mL-1 considered low toxicity. The test for the antioxidant captures free radical DPPH of A. glabra oil not demonstrated potential to be used as an antioxidant for the (EC50 = 9308.13 μg.mL-1) showed a very high value compared with the positive control used (quercetin = 10.14 μg.mL-1).