Estabelecimento e multiplicação in vitro e desempenho agronômico em campo de cultivares de abacaxizeiro

Abstract

Brazil occupies a privileged position in the international market production of pineapples, but only two cultivars are widely used, and susceptible to fusarium, major illness culture, limiting the expansion of cultivated areas. This research included experiments in vitro and field testing the pineapple cultivars. This research included experiments in vitro and field testing the pineapple cultivars. In vitro propagation aimed to evaluate the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite at different exposure times in disinfestation and establishment of explants of pineapple cvs. Pearl, Victory and Gold and their multiplication in vitro. To achieve these objectives, two experiments were conducted. experiment 1: the design was completely randomized , factorial 3 x 4 for experiment 1, consisting of three concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% ) and four exposure times ( 5 , 10 , 15 and 20 minutes). Variables evaluated in experiment 1 were: percentage of contamination, survival percentage and percentage of establishment. Experiment 2: The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4x3x2, with four periods of analysis (0, 7, 15 and 30 days after transplanting) , three cultivars of pineapple (Pearl, Victory and Gold) and the absence and presence of agar into the culture medium. The variables evaluated were: fresh and dry mass, length of the longest sprout, average number of shoots and number of leaves. Treatments distinctly influenced varieties, recommended the use of sodium hypochlorite solution at 1.5 % for 15 minutes to cv. pearl; Victory for 20 minutes and 2.5 % concentration for 20 minutes to cv. Gold; multiplication can be performed in cvs. Pearl and Gold with MS liquid medium. The field experiment aimed to evaluate agronomic characteristics of cultivars of pineapple Pearl, Imperial, Victory and Gold in field conditions in Boa Vista-RR. The design was a randomized block design with eight replications. The pineapple cultivars Pearl, Victory and Gold showed similar characteristics of plant mass, total acidity and productivity. The cv. Victoria showed characteristics of fruit mass and chemical (titratable acidity and total soluble solids ratio / ATT) related to hp. Pearl, while cv. Imperial showed the mass observed in the lower regions of different climatic conditions of this study fruit.