Produção de amilase e lipase por fungos filamentosos isolados de diferentes tipos de solo floresta e savana de Roraima

Abstract

Enzymes produced by filamentous fungi have shown broad biotechnological applications in various industrial segments. The present work, as it objective to verify the production of amylase and lipase by filamentous fungi isolated from different types of soil of Viruá National Park (forest environments) and Campus Cauamé – UFRR (savanna environment), in Roraima. In PARNA Viruá was obtained with the highest density of 5,9 x 106 CFU/g of soil, of which clumped together 167 morphotypes of filamentous fungi. In the Campus Cauamé obtained 1,1 x 105 CFU/g of soil, which clumped together 50 morphotypes. The ability of fungi strains to produce amylase and lipase were observed by hydrolysis of starch and tributyrin, respectively. We analyzed 50 strains of filamentous fungi of PARNA Viruá, of which 18% showed positive activity for both enzymes. Of the 20 strains tested of Campus Cauamé 23% showed positive activity for amylase and lipase. We performed semiquantitative evaluation of enzyme production through enzymatic indexes (IE) obtained by the ratio between the diameter of the colony and the diameter of the degradation zone, plus the area of colony growth. The semiquantitative evaluation of the production of amylase of strains from PARNA Viruá: VR-SC 134.1 Aspergillus sp., VR-SC 79 Aspergillus versicolor and VR-YM 118 showed the best IE (0.68). For the Campus Cauamé the best IE obtained were: 0.44, 0.52 and 0.60, for the isolated CA-YM 57, CA-YM 115 and CA-YM 33, respectively. The semiquantitative evaluation of lipase production the best IE obtained were: 0.43, 0.48 and 0.53 for isolates of Campus Cauamé CA-YM 32, CA-YM 57 and CA-YM 118, respectively. As for the isolates of PARNA Viruá the best IE obtained were: 0.62, 0.66 and 0.70 for VR-SC 23, VR-SC 26 Penicillium sp. and VR-SC 142 Penicillium sp., respectively. In general, strains of Campus Cauamé presented the best Enzyme Indexes for both enzymes tested. These results demonstrate the importance of filamentous fungi isolated from various soil types in areas of forest and savanna in Roraima as an important resource, especially for production of hydrolytic enzymes.