Políticas públicas e vulnerabilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica Caranã, Boa Vista-RR

Abstract

Boa vista is a city characterized by its plain surface. This particular type makes flood events become possible. With increasing occupation process of natural disasters susceptible areas, these places often are set as environmentally vulnerable areas. Based on this principle, this research aimed to analyze and delimit the areas of environmental vulnerability of the hydrographic basin of Caranã, Boa Vista-RR. This study was divided in three steps: (I) secondary data survey as articles, books, magazines, dissertations, theses, electronic newspapers and satellite images; (II) Primary data survey which consisted in many field activities aiming to collect geographic coordinates, digital images and panoramic images;(III) laboratory stage which consisted on synthetizing field data to create a geographic and statistic data bank. The demarcation of environmentally vulnerable areas was made using the software Arcgis 10.3, based on the ponderation procedure of social and physic variables according to its importance degree. This technique pointed that 40% of the hydrographic basin of Caranã’s area are in high or moderately high environmental vulnerability, being observed in the districts near the mouth (Caranã, jardim Caranã, União e Cauamé) also on the left bank in districts Murilo Teixeira Cidade and Cidade Satélite and in the area of springs in the quarters Cruviana and Senador Hélio Campos. These environmentally vulnerable areas were influenced by the occupation process stimulated by the social agents, in particular, the State. It was Noticed an aggravation of environmentally vulnerable areas by occupations in APP areas, water bodies channeling, strangulation of lakes and springs of the Caranã stream. To reverse this process, structural and non-structural measures are needed to reduce these vulnerable areas, and also promote actions to encourage people participation in the planning and management of the urban space of Boa Vista aiming at the preservation of natural resources.