Caracterização agronômica e molecular de genótipos de Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh provenientes da Amazônia Setentrional

Abstract

Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) or Caçari is a native fruit species from the Amazon basin that has been noted worldwide for its richness in antioxidant compounds, such as ascorbic acid. Given this, EMBRAPA-RR and UFRR have been conducting several studies aiming to characterize the genetic variability and thus advance in the improvement of the species. However, there is still a lack of information generated using molecular marker techniques to abbreviate this process. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify, based on agronomic characteristics and molecular markers, individuals with different genetic profiles from the Embrapa-RR Camu-Camu Germplasm Collection. For this, the research was divided into three stages: 1) Firstly, we compared and modified protocols for DNA extraction from Roraima camu-camu. 2) Next, the genetic variability of 55 subsamples was analyzed using ISSR primers and 3) Finally, information from 53 subsamples was associated with agronomic data for more complete identification of the genotypes of the Collection. The process adaptations allowed us to establish a DNA extraction protocol for camu-camu according to the working conditions presented in Roraima, thus allowing to analyze the genetic variability present in the Germplasm Collection and to verify that AT08, AB08, AT13, BQ28, EV10, LR12 and IAB01 are the most genetically divergent. By combining the agronomic data with the molecular data, it was noted that more subsamples differed: AB08, AT08, AT10, AT13, BQ04, EV10, LR12, IAB04, BQ28, MU06 and LR05. Thus, it is extremely important to evaluate in the field the vegetative development and postharvest of these subsamples, being able to verify other agronomic attributes and to select genotypes that develop well in the field and at the same time maintain the present variation of the natural environment.