Dinâmica hídrica na cidade de Rorainópolis - RR : uma análise a partir do comportamento pluviométrico

Abstract

The present work had as general objective characterize the water dynamics in the city of Rorainópolis-RR From the rainfall behavior. The research was developed considering data from of the Pluviometric stations of the area of study and environment with a duration of 30 years comprising from 1986 to 2016 compiled from the Hidroweb platform (ANA) was considered. For the purposes of analysis, the amount of rainfall (from October to March) and the rainy semester (from April to September) and the average duration of droughts based on the average rainfall (mm) for the studied region. The El Niño and La Niña cycles were defined based on the compilation of datas from the CPTEC and CPC/Inpe platform. The survey of water demand comprised the production of water by CAERR, through an on-site visit and questionnaire application. After the datas result, they were tabulated, analyzed and generated maps, tables and graphics in the studied region, two climatic units were determined from the FUZZY overlap which consisted of superpor the annual average rainfall maps, rainfall at El Niño events and rainfall at La Niña events obtained from the results of ordinary kriging.The indicators of vulnerability used, showed that the studied region presented an index of low water vulnerability of 0,25.The area studied presented a decrease in the water level of the water courses, including tubular wells and Amazon. When it is under influence of La Niña, It is noticed the increase of in precipitation, prolonged floods and its issues in the urban perimeter, specifically in the vulnerable areas closer to streams. Regarding to water demand, the water supply system managed by CAERR in Rorainópolis, presented positive daily water balance, however, showed problems of installed order because there are districts that are only partially attended. Rorainópolis population the one which is not served by CAER, presents Water Vulnerability, as far as It resorts to sources of water abstraction which alternates to public service, such as Amazon wells and then taking serious risk of contamination and with no guarantee to consume water with potability standards and yet cycles of water shortage and flooding because there is no planning that considers its variations of precipitation caused by the ENOS effect in the respective study.