http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/103 Tue, 10 Nov 2026 17:56:05 GMT 2026-11-10T17:56:05Z http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/179 Title: Caracterização genética dos vírus dengue sorotipo 1 isolados em Roraima durante os anos de 2008 a 2010 Autor(es): Sousa, Debora Dinelly de Primeiro Orientador: Acosta, Pablo Oscar Amézaga Abstract: In northern Brazil, Roraima is highlighted as one of the dengue virus hyperendemic states, where the four serotypes has been circulating for the last three years and with a high incidence of this disease in the last decade. On the other hand, its geographic localization has an important part on the entry of new genotypes/serotypes of dengue in Brazil. DENV-1, after a short incursion in the state in years 1981 and 1982, was reintroduced in 2000 and it was one of most isolated serotypes until 2011. Nevertheless, there is little data that shows the occurrence of genetic variability or any evolution in genetic composition from this serotype on infections occurred in different years. The objective of this project was to perform a molecular characterization of the envelope gene isolated from DENV-1 on infections occurred between 2008 and 2010 in Roraima. The samples were inoculated in C6/36 cells from Aedes albopictus, and identified by indirect immunofluorescence and RT-Hemi-Nested-PCR techniques. To obtain an amplicom from the envelope region, it was made an RT-PCR test with specific primers, generating a product with 1724 bp. The amplicons were sequenced and the consensus sequences were obtained using the program Geneious V.5.5.4. For molecular analysis, the current sequences were compared to sequences from the four serotypes of dengue virus and also compared to five genotypes of DENV-1 from different parts of the world available on GenBank. The phylogenetic reconstruction was made by two methods, Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian. All of the isolates were grouped in genotype V of DENV-1. The sequences showed 99-100% of similarity with strains of DENV-1 from neighbor countries and states as the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia and Amazonas, they were grouped on a phylogenetic tree forming a subclade with strains of these countries and Caribbean region, and besides indicating, once more, Roraima as a possible entry route of serotypes/genotypes of dengue in Brazil, fact totally proven in 2010 with the entry and dispersion of genotypes II of DENV-4. The Brazilian strains of genotype V of DENV-1 formed three distinct lineages. The isolates of this study (2008-2010) were grouped in lineage III, different from the strain that circulated in the state in 2001, which belonged to lineage II. When these sequences were compared, it was found four aminoacid substitutions, two of them (E428 e E436) probably neutral which did not change tridimensional conformation of the envelope, since amino acids with similar physicochemical characteristics were changed (Leucine x Valine; Isoleucine x Valine), and two substitutions (E227 e E338) with high probability of changing the envelope (Proline x Serine; Leucine x Serine). These results may indicate an adaptive evolution of DENV-1 or the entry of a new lineage in the State, emphasizing the importance of molecular monitoring strains of DENV in circulation in certain regions, allowing better understanding of the virus. Publisher: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação Wed, 28 Aug 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/179 2013-08-28T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/159 Title: As Ariranhas (Pteronura brasiliensis Zimmermann, 1780) do Parque Nacional do Viruá: uso do espaço e caracterização de hábitats Autor(es): Ossa Restrepo, David Maurício Primeiro Orientador: Gomes, José Antônio Alves Abstract: This study is over ecological Giant Otter’s (Pteronura brasiliensis) aspects of the low river Branco, National Park of Viruá, Roraima. The general objective was to verify if the studied community's ecological parameters (space use and behavior) are similar to them besides communities of giant otters found in literature. The study was accomplished at a stretch of 53 km at the Iruá river from his mouth in ascending direction, It was possible to identify the spaces utilized for dens, latrines and camp sites. The giant otters utilize the following places: Border of rivers and banks of marginal dike for the construction of dens; areas exposed on banks are cleaned for that serve like latrines; and sand banks and woods are used for rest and to patrol the places (camp sites). They were observed among 1 and 4 entries by den, whose aspect is oval. With respect to the frequency of use of dens, 23 % of these were being occupied by giant otters. The associates to dens were near the 25 % of the latrines. Four groups of dens at the stretch were identified. Dens were categorized like: In use (9), obsolete (23), and destroyed (5). Giant Otter’s groups were observed in 13 occasions (sightings), varying among 1 and 12 individuals for group. The frequency of sightings went from 1 to each 8 kilometers approximately. Two giant otter’s groups were identified, the first close to the Iruá’s mouth, compound even for 5 individuals; the second more distant group of the mouth with groups fixed for over 5 individuals. Among two groups there is an area where giant otters were not found. Two types of expressions of the behavior were observed in giant otters, with respect to vocalization and to movements of the body. Aspects related to these parameters are discussed; In general, the patterns observed in giant otter’s groups of the area of study agree with literature. Publisher: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação Mon, 28 Sep 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/159 2009-09-28T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/158 Title: Diagnóstico de uma lagoa de infiltração receptora de efluentes tratados de matadouro visando a conservação da bacia hidrográfica do igarapé Água Boa-RR Autor(es): Martins, Cíntia de Castro Garcia Primeiro Orientador: Bethonico, Maria Bárbara de Magalhães Abstract: The great internal and external demand for products of the meat industry triggers an increasing production in that sector and, as a result, wastewater filled with pollutants is generated daily, which can compromise the drainage basin in which it is inserted. In face of that, this research aimed at diagnosing the infiltration pond that receives the treated effluent of the Industrial Slaughterhouse and Cold Storage of Roraima (MAFIR) located in the Água Boa stream’s drainage basin in Boa Vista - RR. A socioeconomic region of small to large size, containing bathing spots and restricted use of water. Looking to preserve the basin, it was monitored with six data collections in dry season from September 2015 to April 2016 in six different sampling points, four of them being on the infiltration pond (LAG) with the treated effluent and two on the Água Boa stream, upstream (IGM) and downstream (IGJ) of LAG, using the following physical, chemical, hidrobiological and microbiological parameters of quality: pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, turbidity, salinity, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorous, nitrates, nitrites, ammoniacal nitrogen, chlorophyll a, total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, heterotrophic bacteria and trophic level index. An analysis of the infiltration pond area was also performed using literature review, photographic records and historical satellite images. Based on that, it was verified that the monitored points of the Água Boa stream is an ultraoligotrophic environment, with biological oxygen demand and phosphorous concentrations above the permitted in class 2 waters in April at the IGJ sample point, an unsatisfactory quality for primary contact due to the density of thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli and water quality statistically similar (p<0,05). The treated effluent present at the infiltration pond was homogenous, except for heterotrophic bacteria density, and had concentrations of total dissolved solids, turbidity, total phosphorous, biochemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, nitrite and ammoniacal nitrogen, at some point of the monitoring, that could compromise the quality of the Água Boa stream’s superficial water if it became the recipient water body. Another important result is the oscillation of the pond’s superficial area, which currently, corresponds to a 58% increase when compared to 2003 but used to be a 76% increase in 2012, and it’s directly correlated to the amount of slaughtering. Thus, it is concluded that the implementation of the infiltration pond as an alternative recipient for MAFIR’s effluents instead of releasing it directly into the Água Boa stream was really necessary, considering the amount of the treated effluent. However, operational and structural monitoring is required to prevent the contamination of superficial and subterranean water and damage to public health and aquatic life. Lastly, it wasn’t possible to assert that there is a contribution to the degradation of the Água Boa stream’s microbasin caused by the disposal of effluent in the soil done by MAFIR, but it is recommended to implement monitoring actions on the slaughterhouse’s sewage treatment plant, in order to guarantee the microbasin’s conservation. Publisher: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação Fri, 12 Aug 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/158 2016-08-12T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/157 Title: Ocorrência, uso de habitats e distribuição de jacarés (alligatoridae) na estação ecológica de Maracá, Roraima, Amazônia brasileira Autor(es): Souza, Bruno de Campos Primeiro Orientador: Gomes, José Antônio Alves Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the occurrence, habitat use and distribution of alligators (AIIigatoridae) in the main aquatic environments of the Eastern half of the Maraca Ecological Station and its surroundings, taking into consideration also the transition between the savanna and the forest, in Roraima. Whereas the distribution and diversity of alligators in different habitats may be the product of the environmental diversity, availability of resources and interactions among species, three ecological questions were formulated: (1) are there significant differences in abundance and distribution of alligators between the watercourses located in forest and in savanna (lavrado) areas? (2) and between river, stream and floodplain types of environment? (3) is the estimated abundances of alligators influenced by variation in the water levei? The study area consisted of 22 transects located in the three types of aquatic habitats: river, stream and floodplain. The total length of transects surveyed was 104 km, where 60.8 km were associated to savannas and 44.2 km to forests. The definition of watercourses and its associated vegetation (forest or savanna) was performed by analysis of LANDSAT 5 TM images, using the software ArcGIS 9.3. Abundance was estimated by counting the total number of alligators per kilometer of watercourse sampled. The alligators' counts were dane at night when the location of each alligator was determined by the reflex of its eyes when illuminated, using a boat as an observation plataform. The geographical coordinates of each register was dane with a GPS. Statistical tests were performed with the aid of the program Systat 10.0 with a significance levei of 95% (p <0.05), using non-parametric Mann-Whitney test to compare the abundances between transects associated with the savanna and forest, and Kruskai-Wallis test for three types of aquatic habitats (river, stream and floodplain). The Spearman correlation test was used to verify the relationship between the water levei of rivers and abundance of alligators. Ninety one counts were conducted during six field trips, when 1270 alligators were observed in 477.4 km of aquatic environments. After analyzing the results of statistical tests, it can be concluded that C. crocodilus and M. niger were more abundant in the streams associated with savannas, whereas the species P. trigonatus was more frequently found in transects associated with the forest. Tests for the species P. palpebrosus resulted in no significant differences. Regarding the differential use of habitats, it can be concluded that C. crocodilus and P. trigonatus were more abundant in the habitats of river, while no significant difference were recorded for the other species. The impact of the river water levei on the abundance of alligators showed a negative correlation, i.e. in the dry season, the estimated number of alligators was higher than when the water levei was high. Publisher: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/handle/prefix/157 2010-12-14T00:00:00Z