http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/56 2026-04-05T08:41:22Z http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/258 Título: Perfil químico e de minerais do óleo vegetal da semente de Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (HBK) Mc Vaugh) Mytaceae Autor(es): Filho, Diógenes Primeiro Orientador: Melo Filho, Antonio Alves de Abstract: Camu-camu The (Myrciaria dubia HBK McVaugh) is native to the Amazon and occurs in areas of wetlands. In Roraima, the native fruit is known as caçari. Its high content of vitamin C and antioxidants composition has designed the fruit to the leading position in recent research. This work comprises a vegetable oil chemical analysis of fruit samples of seeds harvested in Caçari Beach on the shores of Rio Cauamé in the city of Boa Vista, Roraima. Seeds, was extracted the dark green oil yield 2.88%. The study provided, through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra Hydrogen (H1) and carbon (C13) physico-chemical properties of the oil and the composition of major fatty acids. Iodine Index (II) 55.39 mg I2 / g; Saponification index (SI) 178.14 mg KOH / g; Acid Number (IA) 1.46%; Relationship hydrogen Olefinic / Aliphatic (Ro, a) 0.361; Average Molecular Mass (MM) 934.16 g / mol were obtained from the calculations in the computer program Protoleos. The analysis of the carbon-13 spectrum signals shifts confirmed the presence of functional groups of fatty acids and unsaturation to the corresponding unsaturated fatty acids. The percentage of linolenic acid (ω-3) measured was 0.43%, linoleic acid (ω-6) 12.02% Oleic (ω-9) 62.49% and 25.10% saturated fatty acids. It was found that the oil camu-camu is not for consumption in the human diet and it makes up high antioxidant potential when compared to other vegetable oils. It is also confirmed that the Camu Camu seed-presenting low levels of oleossomos, therefore classified as starchy seed, due to its high starch reserves. The quantitative mineral analysis by ICP-OES technique disclosed concentration ranges of elements: K, Na, P, Si (> 100 ppm); Mg, S (10 to 100 ppm) and Ti (<100 ppm). The Protoleos program proved to be a useful tool for calculating the determination of physicochemical properties and composition of major fatty acids. The antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, shows that oil camu-camu has a high percentage antioxidant (IC50 = 114,72 μg.mL-1), with increasing concentration. The infrared analysis enabled the recognition of functional groups present in fixed vegetable oils. The results contribute new information to the literature on seed oil, Camu-Camu extract, and concentrations of minerals. Editor: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/251 Título: Estudo químico e biológico do óleo essencial e do extrato bruto extraído da planta Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pavón (Rubiaceae) Autor(es): Santos, Danielle Varela de Morais Primeiro Orientador: Costa, Habdel Nasser Rocha da Abstract: The use of medicinal plants for human treatment, cure and disease prevention, is performed for humanity long ago. The Rubiaceae family is a large family, of 630 genus and about 13,000 species found worldwide. The work to be approached aimed to study and evaluate the components present in the essential oil and crude extract of parts of Psychotria viridis plant such as the stem, leaf and fruit. The samples were collected in the region of Jacamim, city of Cantá, Boa Vista-RR. Extracted the essential oil, of the collected samples, by hydrodistillation process with Clevenger type system for 4 hours in Natural Products Laboratory of the Federal University of Roraima and also the crude extract using the Soxhlet system and solvents such as hexane, ethanol and chloroform for a period of about 2-5 hours. Was calculated yields Essential oil fruit, 0,11%, leaf, 0,02% and from the stem, 0,07%. We used the CG / EM system and were identified 29 constituents in the essential oil extracted from the fruit of the plant and 3 constituents in the essential oil of the sheet. From the constituents identified in the sample those considered majority according to concentration were tetradecanal (20,10%), 1-Hexadecanol (9,25%) and tetradecanal (70,65%) in the leaf, and fruit was acid dodecanoic (5,28%), acid tetradecanoic (11,08%), 2-pentadecanone (3,36%) (Isotiocianatometil) benzene (4,66%) and acid pentadecanoic (58,22%). According to the phytochemical, was detected in parts of Psychotria viridis plant, in other words, in the leaf and fruit, some secondary metabolites as, the presence of alkaloids in the essential oil of the two parts studied, while in the extracted extract of the species in question using the solvent hexane was detected on leaf the presence of saponins and in the fruit steroids and triterpenoids, saponins and quaternary bases. Were also used two other solvents in the extraction of crude extract, chloroform and ethanol, and in them were detected a few other secondary metabolites that are specified in this paper. In the test of inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase the A25 and A26 samples, which correspond respectively to the extracted extract of the stem and leaf of studied plant, showed the highest percentage of inhibition 84,22% and 82,46%, respectively, showing that forms a potent inhibitory effect according Vinutha et al. (2007). In the antimicrobial tests A24 sample, which corresponds to from fruit extract, was the one who showed greater inhibition of gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli with 43,15% and 5,51 error. Already the A26 sample who showed greater inhibition of gram-negative bacterium Staphylococcus tiphymurium with 100% and 4,74 error. Chemical shifts of A24 sample supplied by NMR H1 200,13MHz were added to PROTOLEOS, which suggested the following: oleic acid (15,98%), linoleic acid (0,14%), linolenic acid (11,32%) and saturated fatty acid (72,55%). Its physicochemical properties are provided by PROTÓLEOS: iodine value (110,88 mg I2/g), acid value (3,73 mg KOH/g), saponification index (124,82 mg KOH/g), average molecular weight (1160,3 g/mol), esterification ratio (121,09 mg KOH/g) and esterification (97,09%). Editor: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/247 Título: Perfil químico, análise físico-química e atividade antioxidante de Capsicum chinense Jacq (Solanaceae) cultivada na cidade de Boa Vista, Roraima Autor(es): Marangon, Cristiane Primeiro Orientador: Costa, Habdel Nasser Rocha da Abstract: Peppers are widely consumed in the state of Roraima, both by indigenous communi-ties, roraimenses and as the population migrated to the state. They are widely used in local cuisine, mainly by native peoples of the region, preparing a known broth pep-per base, called "damorida". Historically the oldest data peppers consumption date from about 9000 years this year and is a result of archaeological explorations in Te-huacan, Mexico. Research in the area of hot spices like pepper has been growing and expanding as the need to know more of this condiment. Its application in medi-cine is being increasingly studied, and is already used as analgesic, helps in the fight against prostate cancer, powerful antioxidant, among others. Since there is a great lack of studies with Capsicum peppers in the state where there is so much consump-tion, this study evaluated the physical and chemical composition (pH, ash content, humidity, fat, protein and vitamin C), antioxidant activity and It characterizes the fixed oil of pepper fruit-eye fish (Capsicum chinense Jacq), produced at Embrapa (Brazili-an Agricultural research). Analyses were performed in a specialized laboratory in the same company, and the following results were found pH: 4.98 ± 0.01; ash: 1.15 ± 0.01%; humidity: 82.6 ± 0.03%; lipid: 2.22 ± 0.20%; protein: 1.50 ± 0.06 % and vita-min C (ascorbic acid): 31.66 mg/ 100g ± 4.40. As for the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, the fixed oil pepper Fisheye presented antioxidant activity, but with an IC50 of 2861.2 μg/ml-1. Through infrared spectrometric technique it was possible to detect the following functional groups: Aliphatic C-H stretch at approximately 2920 the 2938 cm-1, stretch C=O 1690 at 1640 cm-1 unsubstituted amides, N-H angular deformation in 1520 cm-1, characteristic CH2 fatty acids in 1438 cm-1 and a band at 1080 cm-1 which shows characteristics of an ether. A total of 19 chemical constitu-ents were detected by GC-MS method, among which 2,3-butanediol (37.13%), 2-heptenal (13.94%), palmitic acid (5.79%) and natural Capsaicin (13.10%) were the majority. The analysis of the fixed oil by 1H NMR showed signs of protons consistent with vegetable oils in general, showing saturated in its higher composition, and unfit for human consumption. Editor: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/109 Título: Avaliação química, físico-química e ensaios biológicos do óleo da polpa de Inajá (Maximiliana maripa (Aubl.) Drude) Arecaceae Autor(es): Mozombite, Diana Maruja Sangana Primeiro Orientador: Melo Filho, Antonio Alves de Abstract: The inajá (Maximiliana maripa (Aubl.) Drude) is a palm tree, which belongs to the botanical family Arecaceae is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad (Caribbean), Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. Both almond as the pulp of the fruit represent the raw material which can be consumed as food in its natural state, serving also for production of wines, juices and ice creams. It is important also for the cosmetics industry, soap industry and health products. It presents physical and chemical characteristics that enable their use as food energy as well as raw material oiliness character. This paper presents the chemical, physical-chemical and biological study M. maripa pulp oil naturally occurring in the state of Roraima and aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity by the DPPH reaction, analyze the profile of fatty acids by gas chromatography, determine the physicochemical properties RMN1H, to identify the main functional groups present, by infrared spectrophotometer, evaluate the biological activity of bacteria, test the inhibition of enzyme acetylcholinesterase and determined the acute toxicity on Artemia salina. The extracted pulp a light yellow colored oil in a yield of 44,20%. The oils used were obtained by extraction type Soxhlet with hexane. Analyses were performed on HP5890 Gas Chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector, GC-FID. Ten saturated fatty acids (AGS) and unsaturated (AGI) were identified, the majority were AGI ω-9 (22,32%) ω-6 (4,72%) and ω-3 (3,95%) and the majority were AGS palmitic acid (20,76%) and myristic acid (20,48%). Physicochemical properties were calculated using RMN1H, showing that the oil inajá pulp presents physical and chemical characteristics that allow its use in both human and animal feed, an energy food, as well as raw material oil character. The IR spectroscopy revealed absorptions characteristic bands of triglycerides, such as a strong and intense band, referring to the C = O, in 1,732 cm-1, group of carboxylic acids. In antibacterial evaluation was used the antibacterial susceptibility testing (MIC), whose concentrations were 250; 125; 62.5; 31.3; 15.6;7.8; 3.9; 2 mg/mL. It observed 26% inhibition against Citrobacter freundii and 24% inhibition for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. While, there was 36% inhibition against Bacillus cereus and 39% inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes. In acetylcholinesterase test, the oil showed an inhibition of 63.76% was considered potent. In toxicity test on Artemia salina, determined an DL50 of 0.96 μg.mL-1. The results contributes new information to the literature and suggest future studies of chemical and biological prospecting this vegetal species for the purpose of developing products to human health. Editor: Universidade Federal de Roraima Tipo: Dissertação 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z